Calls will still technically be delivered to your phone, but your phone will not alert you to the call. This is a handset block and not a network block. You can put a network block on persistent telemarketers, but you need to contact your network provider for that. To view voicemails from blocked calls, go to Voicemail, then scroll all the way to the bottom and tap “Blocked Messages.”
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If your carrier supports the iPhone voicemail feature, you can retrieve and listen to your voicemail right from within the “Phone” app and call your contacts back by simply tapping their messages. That type of functionality is pretty neat and useful, because it saves you actual time. If not supported by your carrier, you will not be able to see the visual overview of your voicemail inbox and use any of the related features. Tapping the “Voicemail” tab in your “Phone” app will simply call the number associated with your voicemail box. So let’s get going with creating our custom voicemail greeting on iPhone! How to record your own Voicemail on iPhone Phone → Voicemail → Greeting → Custom → Record → Save
If resetting your Networks Settings doesn't work, the Apple forums suggest enabling Airplane mode for 30 seconds to return to Visual Voicemail. I have personally experienced the "Call Voicemail" issue every time I have updated to the newest iOS 11 beta and reboot my phone. After two attempts, the Airplane suggestion worked and returned my Voicemail back to normal, where I can read a transcript or listen to an individual voicemail directly from my iPhone. Here's how to quickly enable and disable Airplane mode: Swipe up from the bottom of your display anywhere on the Home screen. Tap the airplane icon. Wait 30 seconds then tap the airplane icon again.